What is Computer Module 1 Digital Literacy Complete Course

What is Computer?

A computer is a programmable electronic device that accepts raw data as input and processes it with a set of instructions (a program) to produce the result as output. It renders output just after performing mathematical and logical operations and can save the output for future use. It can process numerical as well as non-numerical calculations. The term "computer" is derived from the Latin word "computare" which means to calculate.

A computer is designed to execute applications and provides a variety of solutions through integrated hardware and software components. It works with the help of programs and represents the decimal numbers through a string of binary digits. It also has a memory that stores the data, programs, and result of processing. The components of a computer such as machinery that includes wires, transistors, circuits, hard disk are called hardware. Whereas, the programs and data are called software.

It is believed that the Analytical Engine was the first computer which was invented by Charles Babbage in 1837. It used punch cards as read-only memory. Charles Babbage is also known as the father of the computer.


The basic parts without which a computer cannot work are as follows:

  • Processor: It executes instructions from software and hardware.
  • Memory: It is the primary memory for data transfer between the CPU and storage.
  • Motherboard: It is the part that connects all other parts or components of a computer.
  • Storage Device: It permanently stores the data, e.g., hard drive.
  • Input Device: It allows you to communicate with the computer or to input data, e.g., a keyboard.
  • Output Device: It enables you to see the output, e.g., monitor.

Benefits of Using a Computer:

  • Increases your productivity: A computer increases your productivity. For example, after having a basic understanding of a word processor, you can create, edit, store, and print the documents easily and quickly.
  • Connects to the Internet: It connects you to the internet that allows you to send emails, browse content, gain information, use social media platforms, and more. By connecting to the internet, you can also connect to your long-distance friends and family members.
  • Storage: A computer allows you to store a large amount of information, e.g., you can store your projects, ebooks, documents, movies, pictures, songs, and more.
  • Organized Data and Information: It not only allows you to store data but also enables you to organize your data. For example, you can create different folders to store different data and information and thus can search for information easily and quickly.
  • Improves your abilities: It helps write good English if you are not good at spelling and grammar. Similarly, if you are not good at math, and don't have a great memory, you can use a computer to perform calculations and store the results.
  • Assist the physically challenged: It can be used to help the physically challenged, e.g., Stephen Hawking, who was not able to speak used computer to speak. It also can be used to help blind people by installing special software to read what is on the screen.
  • Keeps you entertained: You can use the computer to listen to songs, watch movies, play games and more.

The computer has become a part of our life. There are plenty of things that we do in a day are dependent on a computer. Some of the common examples are as follows:

    1. ATM: While withdrawing cash from an ATM, you are using a computer that enables the ATM to take instructions and dispense cash accordingly.
    2. Digital currency: A computer keeps a record of your transactions and balance in your account and the money deposited in your account in a bank is stored as a digital record or digital currency.
    3. Trading: Stock markets use computers for day to day trading. There are many advanced algorithms based on computers that handle trading without involving humans.
    4. Smartphone: The smartphone that we use throughout the day for calling, texting, browsing is itself a computer.
    5. VoIP: All voice over IP communication (VoIP) is handled and done by computers.